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Acasta-class destroyer
The ''Acasta'' class (in September 1913 re-designated the K class) was a class of twenty destroyers built for the Royal Navy under the Naval Programme of 1911 - 1912 that saw service during World War I. They were the last class of Royal Navy destroyers to have mixed names with no systematic theme (see naming conventions for destroyers of the Royal Navy for more information.) When the class was designated as "K", names beginning with that letter were allocated to the ships but never used.〔No class of ships were designated as J class.〕〔Friedman 2009, p. 129.〕 The class saw extensive wartime service and seven were lost, including four at the Battle of Jutland.
==Design==
The ''Acasta''s were larger and heavier armed than the preceding H and I classes ( and , respectively), displacing about 25% more and with the mixed calibre armament replaced with a uniform fit of QF 4-inch guns, which the ''Acasta''s introduced. Previous weapons had been of the breech-loading (BL) type. The guns were shipped one each on the forecastle and either side abreast the after torpedo tube (or amidships before and after the tube in some ships.) All ships had three funnels, the foremost being tall and narrow, the second short and wide and the third level with the second but narrower. The foremost torpedo tube was sited between the second and third funnels, a distinctive feature of this class.
There were twelve 'standard' vessels built to a common Admiralty design,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=K-class destroyers (extract from Jane's Fighting Ships of 1919) )〕 and eight builders' specials that (except for ''Garland'') had a shorter, less beamy hull; five of the latter were from Thornycroft with (one of Thornycroft's ships, , was planned to diesel cruising motors, but these were not ready in time and ''Hardy'' was completed with Thornycroft's standard machinery).〔Friedman 2009, pp. 126–129.〕 One by Parsons () had semi-geared turbines〔Friedman 2009, p. 127.〕 giving a speed of on trials, with a seventh from Fairfields had a clipper bow. The eighth 'special' was by William Denny, Dumbarton, which was built using longitudinal framing rather than conventional transverse framing. While ''Ardent'' novel construction seems to have been a success, no more destroyers were built for the Royal Navy using longitudinal framing until the J-class destroyers in the 1930s.〔〔Brown 2010, pp. 70–71.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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